Teleparallel gravity (TG) has significantly increased in popularity in recent decades, bringing
attention to Einstein's other theory of gravity. In this Review, we give a comprehensive …

We review recent developments and results in testing general relativity (GR) at cosmological
scales. The subject has witnessed rapid growth during the last two decades with the aim of …

After a decade and a half of research motivated by the accelerating universe, theory and
experiment have reached a certain level of maturity. The development of theoretical models …

Despite its continued observational successes, there is a persistent (and growing) interest in
extending cosmology beyond the standard model, Λ CDM. This is motivated by a range of …

We review the paradigm of holographic dark energy (HDE), which arises from a theoretical
attempt of applying the holographic principle (HP) to the dark energy (DE) problem. Making …

Understanding the reason for the observed accelerated expansion of the Universe
represents one of the fundamental open questions in physics. In cosmology, a classification …

We review recent progress in the construction of modified gravity models as alternatives to
dark energy as well as the development of cosmological tests of gravity. Einstein's theory of …

We perform a combined analysis of cosmic shear tomography, galaxy–galaxy lensing
tomography, and redshift-space multipole power spectra (monopole and quadrupole) using …

This paper reviews scalar–tensor theories characterized by a Lagrangian that, despite the
presence of second-order derivatives, contains a single scalar degree of freedom. These …

Abstract Euclid is a European Space Agency medium-class mission selected for launch in
2020 within the cosmic vision 2015–2025 program. The main goal of Euclid is to understand …