Increasing amounts of ships exhaust gases emitted worldwide forced the International
Maritime Organization to issue some restricted maritime legislation for reducing the adverse …

The fuel consumption of a ship is strongly influenced by her frictional resistance, which is
directly affected by the roughness of the hull׳ s surface. Increased hull roughness leads to …

Energy efficiency improvements in the shipping industry are being driven by economics,
compliance and customer requirements. Whilst various technological and operation …

Prediction of mean flow and turbulence structure of boundary layer on surfaces with
roughness is still not fully understood in fluid mechanics. Specific characteristics of …

There are increasing economic and environmental incentives for ship owners and operators
to develop tools to optimise operational decisions, particularly with the aim of reducing fuel …

The answers to the question," How might the roughness of coatings and biofouling be
related to full-scale ship resistance and powering?" were sought in this research, and novel …

One of most important issues concerning technical objects is the increase of their operating
performance. For a ship this performance mainly depends on the efficiency of its main pro …

The dependence of the degree of biofouling on the magnitude of the contact angle θ during
temporary degradation of the superhydrophobic coating of shipbuilding steel A40S in the …

Management of energy consumption constitutes the major challenge in marine shipping
industry for the next generation. It has received a large attention from both scientific …

Strategies of fuel consumption onboard ships are of one of the crucial issues in marine
shipping industry. Many of the relevant authorities maritime domain gave great interesting to …