Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system, playing critical roles in
brain development and homeostasis. Increasing evidence has implicated microglia …

Neuroinflammation is a complex biological process that plays a significant role in various
brain disorders. Microglia and astrocytes are the key cell types involved in inflammatory …

Developmental brain diseases encompass a group of conditions resulting from genetic or
environmental perturbations during early development. Despite the increased research …

Microglia may only represent 10% of central nervous system (CNS) cells but they perform
critical roles in development, homeostasis and neurological disease. Microglia are also …

Human organoids are small, self-organized, three-dimensional (3D) tissue cultures that
have started to revolutionize medical science in terms of understanding disease, testing …

Human pluripotent stem cells can be differentiated into cell types that are representative of
the central nervous system. Under specific culture conditions, these cells can be induced to …

Three dimensional, self-assembled organoids that recapitulate key developmental and
organizational events during embryogenesis have proven transformative for the study of …

The brain is one of the important reservoir sites for HIV persistent/latent infection that often
leads to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). However, HIV dynamics in the …

Human brain is undoubtedly the most complex organ in the body. Thus, it is difficult to
develop adequate and at the same time human relevant test systems and models to cover …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that has emerged as
a leading risk factor for dementia associated with increasing age. Two‐dimensional (2D) cell …