Taurine (a sulfur-containing β-amino acid), creatine (a metabolite of arginine, glycine and
methionine), carnosine (a dipeptide; β-alanyl-l-histidine), and 4-hydroxyproline (an imino …

There is wide scale concern about the effects of red meat on human health and climate
change. Plant-based meat alternatives, designed to mimic the sensory experience and …

A new generation of plant-based meat alternatives—formulated to mimic the taste and
nutritional composition of red meat—have attracted considerable consumer interest …

Zinc (Zn) is abundantly present in the brain, and accumulates in the synaptic vesicles.
Synaptic Zn is released with neuronal excitation, and plays essential roles in learning and …

Abstract β-Alanine is a nonproteogenic amino acid that combines with histidine to form a
dipeptide molecule known as carnosine. Carnosine is an H+ buffer that is especially useful …

Inducible gene expression systems are vital tools for the advancement of synthetic biology.
Their application as genetically encoded biosensors has the potential to contribute to …

Background: To delay the onset of dementia, it is important for healthy adults to take
preventive actions before the cognitive function clearly declines. Protein malnutrition is a …

Neurological, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders represent a serious burden
because of their increasing prevalence, risk of disability, and the lack of effective …

The dipeptide carnosine is a physiologically important molecule in the human body,
commonly found in skeletal muscle and brain tissue. Beta-alanine is a limiting precursor of …

Carnosine was originally discovered in skeletal muscle, where it exists in larger amounts
than in other tissues. The majority of research into the physiological roles of carnosine have …