Replication defective vectors derived from simple retroviruses or the more complex
genomes of lentiviruses continue to offer the advantages of long-term expression, cell and …

The ratio of virus particles to infectious units is a classic measurement in virology and ranges
widely from several million to below 10 for different viruses. Much evidence suggests a …

A human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) pentameric glycoprotein complex (PC), gH–gL–UL128–
UL130–UL131A, is necessary for viral infection of clinically relevant cell types, including …

Viral production from infected cells can occur continuously or in a burst that generally kills
the cell. For HIV infection, both modes of production have been suggested. Standard viral …

To prevent the development of malignancies, mammalian cells activate disposal programs,
such as programmed cell death, in response to deregulated oncogene expression …

For centuries mankind led a difficult battle against viruses, the smallest infectious agents at
the surface of the earth. Nowadays it is possible to use viruses for our benefit, both at a …

Retroviral vectors from both oncoretroviral and lentiviral origins have a great potential as
gene delivery vehicles. A number of research groups have devoted considerable effort to the …

Quantitation of viruses is practised widely in both basic and applied virology. Infectious
titration in cell cultures, the most common approach to it, is quite labour-intensive and …

The vast majority of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles are claimed to be
noninfectious, but there is disagreement as to whether they are defective or simply lack the …

The detection and quantification of enteric RNA viruses is based on isolation of viral RNA
from the sample followed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction …