Mitochondria are double membrane organelles in eukaryotic cells that provide energy by
generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation. They are …

Cells manage to survive, thrive, and divide with high accuracy despite the constant threat of
DNA damage. Cells have evolved with several systems that efficiently repair spontaneous …

Bacteria are continuously exposed to numerous endogenous and exogenous DNA-
damaging agents. To maintain genome integrity and ensure cell survival, bacteria have …

Epidemiological studies have corroborated that respiratory diseases, including lung cancer,
are related to fine particulate matter (< 2.5 μm)(PM2. 5) exposure. The toxic responses of …

Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a segmental premature aging syndrome caused primarily by
defects in the CSA or CSB genes. In addition to premature aging, CS patients typically …

Hydrolytic loss of nucleobases from the deoxyribose backbone of DNA is one of the most
common unavoidable types of damage in synthetic and cellular DNA. The reaction …

DNA repair ensures genomic stability to achieve healthy ageing, including cognitive
maintenance. Mutations on genes encoding key DNA repair proteins can lead to diseases …

Active DNA demethylation plays a crucial role in eukaryotic gene imprinting and
antagonizing DNA methylation. The plant-specific REPRESSOR OF SILENCING …

Replicative DNA polymerases are blocked by nearly all types of DNA damage. The resulting
DNA replication stress threatens genome stability. DNA replication stress is also caused by …

Cellular DNA is subject to damage from a multitude of sources and repair or bypass of sites
of damage utilize an array of context or cell cycle dependent systems. The recognition and …