Sickle cell disease is a common and life-threatening haematological disorder that affects
millions of people worldwide. Abnormal sickle-shaped erythrocytes disrupt blood flow in …

Sickle cell syndromes, including sickle cell disease (SCD) and sickle cell trait, are
associated with multiple kidney abnormalities. Young patients with SCD have elevated …

Intravascular haemolysis is a fundamental feature of chronic hereditary and acquired
haemolytic anaemias, including those associated with haemoglobinopathies, complement …

Vascular diseases are multifactorial, often requiring multiple challenges, or 'hits', for their
initiation. Intra-vascular hemolysis illustrates well the multiple-hit theory where a first event …

Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive, multisystem disorder, characterised by
chronic haemolytic anaemia, painful episodes of vaso-occlusion, progressive organ failure …

The complement system is an innate immune defense cascade that can cause tissue
damage when inappropriately activated. Evidence for complement over activation has been …

Blacks, compared with whites, have an increased risk of progression to end-stage renal
disease (ESRD). Emerging evidence suggests that, in addition to APOL1 high-risk …

Sickle cell disease (SCD) afflicts millions of people worldwide but is referred to as an orphan
disease in the United States. Over the past several decades, there has been an increasing …

Introduction: Renal dysfunction is among the most common complication of sickle cell
disease (SCD), from hyposthenuria in children to progression to overt chronic kidney …

Cell dehydration is a distinguishing characteristic of sickle cell disease and an important
contributor to disease pathophysiology. Due to the unique dependence of Hb S …