The care of surplus dairy calves is a significant issue for the United States and Canadian
dairy industries. Surplus dairy calves commonly experience poor welfare as evidenced by …

Neonatal dairy and beef calves are required to ingest adequate volumes of high-quality
colostrum during their first hours of life to acquire transfer of passive immunity (TPI). As such …

The objective of this observational study was to compare calf health, average daily weight
gain, and calf mortality considering the proposed categories of transfer of passive immunity …

Abstract This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission request on the welfare
of calves as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. EFSA was asked to provide a description of …

Simple Summary This retrospective study of records from a dairy farm explored the impact of
receiving a second feeding of colostrum 5–6 h after an initial meal of 3 L of quality-tested …

Dairy calf nutrition is traditionally one of the most overlooked aspects of dairy management,
despite its large effect on the efficiency and profitability of dairy operations. Unfortunately …

Adequate supply of high-quality colostrum is essential for calf health. Colostrum production,
at first milking, varies between animals and seasons, but herd-level and management …

An important obstacle toward sustainably produced animal-source food is the existence of
so-called 'surplus animals', which are by-products of the production of dairy products and …

After calving, bovine colostrum is obtained from the mammary gland of the dam in the first
days and fed to newborn ruminant to prevent microbial infections. Each bovine colostrum …

Echinacea purpurea (EP) is an herb that has demonstrated immunostimulatory and anti-
inflammatory effects with the potential to improve immunity, health, and performance in …