Animals live in symbiosis with numerous microbe species. While some can protect hosts
from infection and benefit host health, components of the microbiota or changes to the …

Leprosy is best understood as two conjoined diseases. The first is a chronic mycobacterial
infection that elicits an extraordinary range of cellular immune responses in humans. The …

Humans are exposed to a variety of environmental mycobacteria (EM), and most children
are inoculated with live Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. In addition, most of the …

▪ Abstract Only 5 to 10% of immunocompetent humans are susceptible to tuberculosis, and
over 85% of them develop the disease exclusively in the lungs. Human immunodeficiency …

The ability to develop adequate immunity to intracellular bacterial pathogens is unequally
distributed among human beings. In the case of tuberculosis, for example, infection with …

Twenty-seven polymorphisms from 12 genes have been investigated for association with
tuberculosis (TB) in up to 514 cases and 913 controls from Karonga district, northern Malawi …

The human immune response does an excellent job of clearing most of the pathogens that
we encounter throughout our lives. However, some pathogens persist for the lifetime of the …

Susceptibility to infectious diseases is influenced by genetic background and efficient
cellular immune activation is responsible for protection. In tuberculosis (TB), interferon …

Host genetic factors may be important determinants of susceptibility to tuberculosis, and
several candidate gene polymorphisms have been shown to date. A series of recent reports …

Relatively little is known about the human genetics of susceptibility to common diseases
caused by bacterial pathogens. Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a …