This paper surveys the empirical literature on the behavior of referees in professional
football and other sports. Referees are typically appointed by a principal to be impartial …

Objective The number of football-related studies has increased considerably in recent years,
in part due to the worldwide popularity of this sport. However, in what concerns football …

Decision-making (DM) is a critical aspect of soccer refereeing. Referees make numerous
repetitive decisions, many of which are dependent on appropriate field location and effective …

There is a dearth of applied research to inform psychological provision for match-officials.
The application of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT; Ellis, 1957) is becoming …

Football referees are required to make numerous decisions per match under physiological
and emotional strain. Within this context, VAR (video assistant referee) interventions …

The regulation of on-field competition by officials is an important aspect of the management
of sport. Increasingly, sports are providing technological support for officials to aid their …

An attacking basketball player initiating significant physical contact with a defender who has
already established a legal and stationary position, should be called with an offensive foul …

The lack of crowds at sports fixtures as a result of COVID-19 restrictions has allowed
researchers a unique opportunity to examine the widely accepted convention of home …

This study aimed to examine how soccer referees make decisions about issuing yellow
cards for fouls. The research involved 60 male participants, divided into expert (n= 30) and …

The main objective of this article is related to the mapping and systematic review of the
literature on referees and soccer referees. An article search was performed using the …