Purpose of review Tibial torsion is a recognized cause of patellofemoral pain and instability
in the paediatric population; however, it is commonly overlooked in the adult population. The …

The patellofemoral (PF) joint is composed of the posterior surface of the patella as well as
the trochlear surface of the distal anterior femur. The complexity of this joint—with multiple …

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interchangeability of femoral and
tibial torsion measurements obtained with 3D models based on low-dose biplanar …

Background: Increased femoral anteversion and coxa valga are common in patients with
cerebral palsy. The purpose of the present study was to determine the validity and reliability …

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to discuss the current state of
knowledge regarding axial plane deformities in patellofemoral instability, indications and …

Normative reference values are essential to identify deviation from normal and evaluate
response to treatment. As joint range of motion datasets specific to the pediatric population …

Purpose Recurrent patella subluxation may be secondary to excessive external tibial
torsion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of …

Measuring Lower Extremity Rotational Alignment: A Review of... : JBJS Measuring Lower
Extremity Rotational Alignment: A Review of Methods and Case Studies of Clinical Applications …

Background: The importance of total ankle replacement (TAR) implant orientation in the
axial plane is poorly understood with major variation in surgical technique of implants on the …

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interchangeability and reliability
of femoral and tibial torsion measurements in children using 3D models based on biplanar …