HIV‐1 encodes for the small basic protein Tat (86–101 residues) that drastically enhances
the efficiency of viral transcription. The mechanism enabling Tat nuclear import is not yet …

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a versatile tool for determining
diffusion and interaction/binding properties in biological and material sciences. An …

The translational motion of small molecules in cells appears to be suppressed compared to
what is observed in dilute solutions. Although, the rotation of small proteins is almost …

Intracellular chloride ([Cl−] i) and pH (pHi) are fundamental regulators of neuronal
excitability. They exert wide-ranging effects on synaptic signaling and plasticity and on …

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants have been used as fluorescent reporters in
a variety of applications for monitoring dynamic processes in cells and organisms, including …

Efficient endocytosis into a wide range of target cells and low toxicity make the arginine-rich
Tat peptide (Tat11: YGRKKRRQRRR, residues 47–57 of HIV-1 Tat protein) an excellent …

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) discriminate nonspecific macromolecules from importin
and exportin receptors, collectively termed “karyopherins”(Kaps), that mediate …

Nanomedicine 2.0 refers to the next generation of nanotechnology-based medical therapies
and diagnostic tools. This field focuses on the development of more sophisticated and …

Synthesis and targeted delivery of dendrimer-based fluorescent biosensors in living HeLa
cells are reported. Following electroporation dendrimers are shown to display specific …

Nuclear pore complexes (NPC) are the central mediators of nucleocytoplasmic transport.
Increasing evidence shows that many cancer cells have increased numbers of NPCs and …