Context Forest landscapes worldwide are shaped by abiotic drivers such as fire, windstorms,
and drought, but also by biotic drivers like insect pests and pathogens. Although the effects …

Millions of trees killed by bark beetles in western North America have raised concerns about
subsequent wildfire, but studies have reported a range of conclusions, often seemingly …

Tree-ring dating (dendrochronology) is a method of scientific dating based on the analysis of
tree-ring growth patterns. As author James Speer notes, trees are remarkable bioindicators …

Mountain forests are among the most important ecosystems in Europe as they support
numerous ecological, hydrological, climatic, social, and economic functions. They are …

Natural disturbances, such as avalanches, snow breakage, insect outbreaks, windthrow or
fires shape mountain forests globally. However, in many regions over the past centuries …

When spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis) thin a forest canopy, surviving trees grow
more rapidly for decades until the canopy closes and growth is suppressed through …

Forests are substantially influenced by disturbances, and therefore accurate information
about the location, timing, and magnitude of disturbances is important for understanding …

Avalanche disturbances are important processes in many subalpine forest ecosystems but
have received relatively little research attention in comparison to other major types of …

Bark beetle-caused tree mortality in conifer forests affects the quantity and quality of forest
fuels and has long been assumed to increase fire hazard and potential fire behavior. In …

Abstract 1 Natural and recurring disturbances caused by fire, native forest insects and
pathogens have interacted for millennia to create and maintain forests dominated by seral or …