Abstract Background The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries are rapidly
growing in population with very limited access to freshwater resources. To overcome this …

Water and energy are critical components for human, and govern the growth and progress of
societies. Desalination is an important process to meet ever-increasing water demand …

Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for seawater desalination, integrating
the advantages of both membrane segregation and thermal distillation. High energy …

Membrane distillation (MD) has been proven promising in solar-driven desalination.
Moreover, its unique characteristics such as simple process, module compactness, high salt …

To address the high demand for energy and fresh water, the effect of global warming and
pollution generated by fossil fuels consumption needs to be minimized and replaced with …

The scarcity of freshwater has been recognized as one of the main challenges people must
overcome in the 21st century. The adoption of an environmentally friendly, cost-effective …

Solar-powered membrane distillation is a promising desalination technology that can
provide accessible and reliable freshwater for coastal and island households. However …

As a promising desalination technology, membrane distillation is expected to be developed
continuously due to its wide application and low sensitivity to salt concentration in the feed …

In this work, thermal analysis evaluation for a membrane distillation (MD) system is
experimentally calculated. Variable feed flow rates and feed temperatures are investigated …

Air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) is a low-temperature separation process applied
commonly to desalination of (hyper) saline feeds. The low energy efficiency of heating the …