Invertebrates lack adaptive immunity and innate immunity plays important roles in combating
foreign invasive pathogens. Freshwater crustaceans, which are invertebrates, depend …

In this compilation we collect information about the main protein components in hemolymph
and stress the continued interest in their study. The reasons for such an attention span …

Antibiotics are employed worldwide to treat diseases of humans and other animals, but most
antibiotics and their secondary metabolites are discharged into the aquatic environment …

Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are a type of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) which show
broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative …

Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALF) is an important antimicrobial peptide and critical
effector molecule with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities in crustaceans. In addition …

The single von Willebrand factor C-domain proteins (SVWCs), also known as Vago, are
primarily found in arthropods. Their expression was induced by nutritional status, bacterial …

Invertebrates, such as mud crab Scylla paramamosain, rely only on innate immunity. Anti-
lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs), are one of the typical antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) …

Cherax quadricarinatus is a type of large freshwater crayfish that is characterized by rapid
growth and formidable adaptability. It has also been widely cultured and studied as a model …

As the direct executors of biological function, the expression level of proteins in host will
reveal the molecular mechanisms regulating bacteria infection more directly. In the present …

Abstract Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs), as main host-defense molecules of
crustaceans, form a unique family of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). MnALF4 is one isoform …