Investigation of coupling mechanisms between the troposphere and the ionosphere requires
a multidisciplinary approach involving several branches of atmospheric sciences, from …

One of the most important effects of ionospheric modification by high power, high frequency
(HF) waves is the generation of ultra low frequency/extremely low frequency/very low …

Accurate models of trans‐ionospheric propagation are needed to assess the role of Earth‐
originating very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic waves in radiation belt dynamics …

This article reports on a novel direct frequency multiplication and phase modulation (PM)
scheme for mechanical antennas operating at the very-low-frequency band (3-30 kHz) and …

Extremely low frequency/very low frequency (ELF/VLF) radio waves are difficult to generate
with conventional antennas. Ionospheric high frequency (HF) heating facilities generate …

In this paper, a novel scheme to increase the radiation frequency of a mechanical antenna to
a multiple of its rotation frequency is presented. This approach is useful for antennas …

Amplitude modulation high-frequency (HF) radio waves at extremely low frequencies (ELF,
0.3-3 kHz) or very low frequencies (VLF, 3-30 kHz), heating the ionosphere, can nonlinearly …

It is well established that Extremely Low Frequency (ELF, 0.3–3 kHz) and Very Low
Frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) radio waves can be generated via modulated High Frequency …

Modulated ionospheric heating experiments are performed with the High Frequency Active
Auroral Research Program facility in Gakona, Alaska, for the purpose of generating …

Experiments for generating extremely low frequency (ELF) radio waves using modulated HF
heating of the auroral ionosphere have been conducted and refined at the High Frequency …