Research studies have historically indicated that students from racially and ethnically
diverse backgrounds are overidentified for special education, suggesting bias in referral …

The authors reviewed the overrepresentation research published between 1968 and 2006
to answer two questions:(a) What are the characteristics of overrepresentation studies?(b) …

|| HAS BEEN more than 10 years since Proposition 227 was passed in California and almost
10 since Proposition 203 was made law in Arizona. In each state, the numbers of students …

The purpose of this study was to provide current information on the representation of African
American students as mildly mentally retarded (MMR) and seriously emotionally disturbed …

Research on variables that predict disproportionate representation of minority students in
special education has often ignored an important variable—academic achievement. This …

In this article, Alfredo Artiles identifies" paradoxes and dilemmas" faced by special education
researchers and practitioners who are seeking to create socially just education systems in a …

Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten Cohort, this study
was designed to investigate proportional representation, identification rates, and predictors …

Disproportionate representation of minority students in special education remains a very
controversial, unresolved issue. This synthesis summarizes historical perspectives and …

This article presents childhood disability prevalence trends and their interaction with
economic status. Estimates derived from National Health Interview Survey data (1983–1996) …

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of gender and race/ethnicity
disproportionality among students identified as having learning disabilities (LD) and to …