Intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) are computer programs that provide instruction adapted to
the needs of individual students. Dialog systems are computer programs that communicate …

The Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition presents practical tools
and techniques for implementing natural language processing in computer systems. Along …

Collaborative problem solving (CPS) is a complex construct comprised of skills associated
with social and cognitive dimensions. The diverse set of skills within these dimensions make …

Tutorial Dialog Systems that employ Conversational Agents (CAs) to deliver instructional
content to learners in one-on-one tutoring settings have been shown to be effective in …

Within STEM domains, physics is considered to be one of the most difficult topics to master,
in part because many of the underlying principles are counter-intuitive. Effective teaching …

For many forms of e-learning environments, the system's behavior can be viewed as a
sequential decision process wherein, at each discrete step, the system is responsible for …

We evaluate the performance of a spoken dialogue system that provides substantive
dynamic responses to automatically detected user affective states. We then present a …

From automated customer support to virtual assistants, conversational agents have
transformed everyday interactions, yet despite phenomenal progress, no agent exists for …

In this paper, we proposed a new cognitive modeling approach: Instructional Factors
Analysis Model (IFM). It belongs to a class of Knowledge-Component-based cognitive …

This chapter addresses the challenge of building or authoring an Intelligent Tutoring System
(ITS), along with the problems that have arisen and been dealt with, and the solutions that …