A comprehensive review of zonal flow phenomena in plasmas is presented. While the
emphasis is on zonal flows in laboratory plasmas, planetary zonal flows are discussed as …

Nonlinear gyrokinetic equations play a fundamental role in our understanding of the long-
time behavior of strongly magnetized plasmas. The foundations of modern nonlinear …

One of the scientific success stories of fusion research over the past decade is the
development of the E× B shear stabilization model to explain the formation of transport …

The understanding and predictive capability of transport physics and plasma confinement is
reviewed from the perspective of achieving reactor-scale burning plasmas in the ITER …

In addition to the operational limits imposed by MHD stability on plasma current and
pressure, an independent limit on plasma density is observed in confined toroidal plasmas …

Internal transport barriers in tokamak plasmas are explored in order to improve confinement
and stability beyond the reference scenario, used for the ITER extrapolation, and to achieve …

Tokamak discharges with improved energy confinement properties arising from internal
transport barriers (ITBs) have certain attractive features, such as a large bootstrap current …

In 1998 the four ITER parties decided to investigate a smaller and cheaper (50% cost)
machine design with reduced technical objective but without jeopardizing the programmatic …

Theory of E× B shear suppression of turbulence in toroidal geometry [Phys. Plasmas 2, 1648
(1995)] is extended to include fast time variations of the E× B flows often observed in …

Significant reductions in the size and cost of a fusion power plant core can be realized if
simultaneous improvements in the energy replacement time,, and the plasma pressure or …