Iron is an essential trophic factor that is required for oxygen consumption and ATP
production. Thus it plays a key role in vital cell functions. Although the brain has a relatively …

The effects of prenatal exposure to drugs on brain development are complex and are
modulated by the timing, dose and route of drug exposure. It is difficult to assess these …

Background Brain iron deposition has been linked to several neurodegenerative conditions
and reported in alcohol dependence. Whether iron accumulation occurs in moderate …

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of brain development in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
(FASD) has revealed structural abnormalities, but studies have been limited by the use of …

The ingestion of alcohol/ethanol during pregnancy can result in abnormal fetal development
in both humans and a variety of experimental animal models. Depending on the pattern of …

Background: Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have a variety of
cognitive, behavioral, and neurological impairments, including structural brain damage …

Teratogenic causes of holoprosencephaly are critically assessed. A brief general review of
holoprosencephaly is followed by four tables summarizing etiologic factors. Subjects …

Accumulating evidence from structural brain imaging studies on individuals with fetal alcohol
spectrum disorder (FASD) has supported links between prenatal alcohol exposure and brain …

Glial cells and their interactions with neurons play vital roles during the ontogeny of the
nervous system and in the adult brain. Alcohol intake during pregnancy can cause mental …

In this study, we established an embryo model to study the effects of ethanol on fetal
development. When embryos of Xenopus laevis (the African clawed frog) were exposed to …