Trait-based approaches are increasingly used in ecology. Phytoplankton communities, with
a rich history as model systems in community ecology, are ideally suited for applying and …

Species traits have been frequently used in ecological studies in an attempt to develop a
general ecological framework linking biological communities to habitat pressures. The trait …

Functional ecology aims at determining the relationships between species traits and
environmental variables in order to better understand biological processes in ecosystems …

Question How do multivariate methods perform in relating species‐and community‐level
trait responses to the environment? Location (1) Field data from grazed semi‐natural …

to quantify ('soft'traits; Hodgson et al. 1999),(iii) using measurements that can be
standardized across a wide range of species and growing conditions (Cornelissen et al …

Recent developments in environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding suggest that eDNA-
based representation of ecological communities can be a promising tool in both …

Question Quantification of the effect of species traits on the assembly of communities is
challenging from a statistical point of view. A key question is how species occurrence and …

Aims The community‐weighted mean (CWM) approach is used to analyse the relationship
between species attributes (traits, Ellenberg‐type indicator values) and sample attributes …

Aquatic macrophytes, often also called hydrophytes, are key components of aquatic and
wetland ecosystems. This review is to briefly summarizes various macrophyte classifications …

The assessment and study of stream communities may be enhanced if functional
characteristics such as life-history, habitat preference, and reproductive strategy were more …