As human-caused climate changes accelerate, California will experience hydrologic and
temperature conditions different than any encountered in recorded history. How will these …

The health of fish populations and the river systems they inhabit have broad ecological,
cultural, recreational, and economic relevance. This is exemplified by the iconic …

In seasonally dry environments, critical zone drainage provides base flow that sustains river
ecosystems. The extent of wetted channels and magnitude of base flow throughout the …

California's salmonids are at the southern limits of their individual species' ranges, and
display a wide diversity of strategies to survive in California's highly variable climate. Land …

Landscape permeability is often explored spatially, but may also vary temporally. Landscape
permeability, including partial barriers, influences migratory animals that move across the …

Vibrio anguillarum is the most frequent pathogen affecting fish worldwide. The only known
virulent strains of V. anguillarum are serotypes O1, O2, and O3. Genetic differences between …

Climate change is expected to increase weather extremes and variability, including more
frequent weather whiplashes or extreme swings between severe drought and extraordinarily …

Infections of parasitic digenean trematode metacercariae may lead to a visually observable
syndrome in fish commonly called black spot disease. While black spot has been noted from …

Over recent decades, the South Branch Potomac River, West Virginia, has experienced fish
kills and episodes of suppressed health in adult fish that have spanned small stretches to …

Black spot disease (diplopstomiasis), an external melanized host inflammatory response
caused by a number of digenetic trematode parasites, results in slow growth, deformities …