Marine snakes represent the most speciose group of marine reptiles and are a significant
component of reef and coastal ecosystems in tropical oceans. Research on this group has …

Introduction Recent analyses of data show a warming trend in global average air and sea
surface ocean temperatures. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of …

Reptiles are highly susceptible to climate change, responding negatively to thermal and
rainfall alterations mainly in relation to their reproductive processes. Based on that, we …

Reef Life Survey (RLS) provides a new model for ecological monitoring through training
experienced recreational divers in underwater visual census methods to the level of skilled …

Abstract Reef Life Survey (RLS) provides a new model for ecological monitoring through
training experienced recreational divers in underwater visual census methods to the level of …

Although classically associated with urban environments in invertebrates, melanism in
terrestrial snakes is more often linked to occupancy of cool climates [1–3]. Thermal …

Sudden disease outbreaks may not necessarily reflect a recent pathogen introduction but
may instead arise from the disruption of a host-pathogen equilibrium. Together with invasive …

Climate refuges have been used by several species over historical climate change.
Ectothermic species often display good models for climate change studies because they are …

Acquisition of fresh water is important to animals, and is both difficult and critical for species
residing in marine environments. Adaptive radiations to fully marine habitats were …

Secondarily marine vertebrates are thought to live independently of fresh water. Here, we
demonstrate a paradigm shift for the widely distributed pelagic sea snake, Hydrophis …