A review, discussing the effects of growing plants in space, which is divided into the
following sections and subsections: Development, growth, and reproduction (Germination …

Experimental data on plant cell reproduction, growth, and differentiation in spaceflight and
under clinostating that partially reproduce the biological effects of microgravity are …

Successful growth and development of higher plants in space rely on adequate availability
and uptake of water and nutrients, and efficient energy distribution through photosynthesis …

Due to logistical challenges, long-term human space exploration missions require a life
support system capable of regenerating all the essentials for survival. Higher plants can be …

Plants perceive a multitude of environmental signals and stresses, and integrate their
response to them in ways that culminate in modified phenotypes, optimized for plant …

Abstract Space biology can be said to have begun in the late 1940s, with the launch of
monkey Albert on a US rocket called 'Blossom 3'in 1948. Several other suborbital flights with …

Changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in altered gravity (microgravity and
clinostating) evidence that Ca2+ signaling can play a fundamental role in biological effects …

In higher plants, calcium redistribution is believed to be crucial for the root to respond to a
change in the direction of the gravity vector. To test the effects of clinorotation and …

The changes of [Ca2+] i controlled is known to play a key regulatory role in numerous
cellular processes especially associated with membranes. Previous studies from our …

abstract The structural, biochemical, cytofluorimetric and electron cytochemical features of
the cell walls of higher plants grown under weightlessness and simulated microgravity are …