Wind-waves have an important role in Earth system dynamics through air–sea interactions
and are key drivers of coastal and offshore hydro-morphodynamics that affect communities …

The current review study focuses on a statistical analysis (Meta-analysis) of the most
common methods, materials, software, and indices used by researchers over the last twenty …

In all cities and urban areas, the risk faced by people and assets from hazards associated
with climate change has increased (high confidence1). Urban areas are now home to 4.2 …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Central and South America (CSA) is a highly diverse region, both culturally and biologically.
It has one of the highest levels of biodiversity on the planet (Hoorn et al., 2010; Zador et al …

The coastal zone of Cartagena city, Colombia provides illustration for applying risk
assessments as a basis for guiding coastal management. Much of this coastal reach is …

The Chilean coastal zone (CCZ) is subjected to a complex spectrum of anthropogenic,
geophysical, biogeochemical, and climate-driven perturbations. Potentially affected …

Coastal erosion in 45 sandy beaches covering nearly 2000 km along the tectonically active
Chilean coast is assessed during the last four decades. The historical analysis is based on …

Deltas are inherently low-lying structures and thus subject to large threats due to sea level
rise, erosion and other coastal processes. The shorelines in many deltas around the world …

Sandy coastlines are very dynamic spaces affected by a variety of natural and human
factors. In Central Chile, changes in oceanographic and wave conditions, modes of inter …