Mammalian organisms form intimate interfaces with commensal and pathogenic gut
microorganisms. Increasing evidence suggests a close interaction between gut …

Gastrointestinal motility and transport of water and electrolytes play key roles in the
pathophysiology of diarrhea upon exposure to enteric parasites. These processes are …

Although chronic gastrointestinal dysmotility syndromes are a common worldwide health
problem, underlying causes for these disorders are poorly understood. We show that …

Serious psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression
are important causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. While these are primarily …

In mice, oral Toxoplasma gondii infection induces severe ileitis. The aim of the present study
was to investigate the impact of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7) on the inflammatory response to …

Objective: To analyze the remodeling dynamics of total collagen, type I and III, the
expression of ICAM-1 and 5-HT in the jejunum of rats. Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar rats …

Background Toxoplasma gondii infection can occur through the ingestion of raw meat that
contains tissue cysts or food that contains oocysts. Through the ingestion of oocysts, the …

Background The intestinal mucosa plays an important role in the mechanical barrier against
pathogens. During Toxoplasma gondii infection, however, the parasites invade the epithelial …

Intestinal epithelial secretion is coordinated by the submucosal plexus (SMP). Chemical
mediators from SMP regulate the immunobiological response and direct actions against …

Background Toxoplasma gondii infection causes intestinal inflammation and diarrhea
indicating possible intestinal motor dysfunction. Anatomical studies have shown alterations …