The lungs are constantly exposed to inhaled debris, allergens, pollutants, commensal or
pathogenic microorganisms, and respiratory viruses. As a result, innate and adaptive …

Introduction The unique mucosal immune system allows the generation of robust protective
immune responses at the front line of pathogen encounters. The needle-free delivery route …

The current pandemic highlights the need for effective vaccines against respiratory viruses.
An ideal vaccine should induce robust and long-lasting responses with high manufacturing …

Influenza is a global health concern with millions of infections occurring yearly. Seasonal flu
vaccines are one way to combat this virus; however, they are poorly protective against …

2'3'-cGAMP is a key molecule in the cGAS-STING pathway. This cyclic dinucleotide is
produced by the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS in response to the presence of aberrant dsDNA …

Mucosal tissues are often a desirable site of drug action to treat disease and engage the
immune system. However, systemically administered drugs suffer from limited bioavailability …

Vaccines based on proteins and peptides may be safer and if calculated based on many
sequences, more broad-spectrum than those designed based on single strains …

SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic. It has made the healthcare system vulnerable
and has put pressure on it to be updated in a hurry. SARS-CoV-2 has altered itself at …

Vaccines based on proteins and peptides may be safer and more broad-spectrum than other
approaches Physicochemical property consensus (PCPcon) alphavirus antigens from the B …