Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of renal function. The gradual decline in
kidney function leads to an accumulation of toxins normally cleared by the kidneys, resulting …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk of premature mortality,
mainly from cardiovascular causes. The association between CKD on hemodialysis and …

Mass spectrometry-and nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic studies comparing
diseased versus healthy individuals have shown that microbial metabolites are often the …

Background: Altered intestinal function is prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF), but its
role in adverse outcomes is unclear. Objectives: This study investigated the potential …

Our group recently discovered that certain dietary nutrients possessing a trimethylamine
(TMA) moiety, namely choline/phosphatidylcholine and L-carnitine, participate in the …

Microbes play an important role in human health and disease. In the setting of heart failure
(HF), substantial hemodynamic changes, such as hypoperfusion and congestion in the …

Uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresol, or p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), are
markedly accumulated in the organs of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. These toxins …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases
and suffer from accelerated atherosclerosis. CKD patients are permanently exposed to …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a high prevalence of cardiovascular
diseases. During CKD, the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS)—derived from tryptophan …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in the setting of chronic kidney disease
(CKD). Such coexistence of CVD and CKD—the so-called “cardiorenal or renocardiac …