Tropical ecosystems have the highest levels of biodiversity, cycle more water and absorb
more carbon than any other terrestrial ecosystem on Earth. Consequently, these ecosystems …

Tree mortality rates appear to be increasing in moist tropical forests (MTF s) with significant
carbon cycle consequences. Here, we review the state of knowledge regarding MTF tree …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

Tropical secondary forests sequester carbon up to 20 times faster than old-growth forests.
This rate does not capture spatial regrowth patterns due to environmental and disturbance …

The possibility that the Amazon forest system could soon reach a tipping point, inducing
large-scale collapse, has raised global concern,–. For 65 million years, Amazonian forests …

Numerous current efforts seek to improve the representation of ecosystem ecology and
vegetation demographic processes within Earth System Models (ESM s). These …

Droughts in a warming climate have become more common and more extreme, making
understanding forest responses to water stress increasingly pressing. Analysis of water …

Tropical forest function is of global significance to climate change responses, and critically
determined by water availability patterns. Groundwater is tightly related to soil water through …

Megafauna (animals≥ 45 kg) have probably shaped the Earth's terrestrial ecosystems for
millions of years with pronounced impacts on biogeochemistry, vegetation, ecological …

Reduced rainfall increases the risk of forest dieback, while in return forest loss might
intensify regional droughts. The consequences of this vegetation–atmosphere feedback for …