Bone-tissue defects affect millions of people worldwide. Despite being common treatment
approaches, autologous and allogeneic bone grafting have not achieved the ideal …

Articular cartilage serves as a low-friction, load-bearing tissue without the support with blood
vessels, lymphatics and nerves, making its repair a big challenge. Transforming growth …

Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal disease and the leading cause of
disability globally. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study for osteoarthritis …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage
degradation but also synovial membrane inflammation, osteophyte formation and …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease and a major cause of
pain and disability in adult individuals. The etiology of OA includes joint injury, obesity …

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling
has fundamental roles in both embryonic skeletal development and postnatal bone …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that causes pain and disability in the
adult population. OA is primarily caused by trauma induced by an external force or by age …

Osteoarthritis (OA), is a major cause of severe joint pain, physical disability and quality of life
impairment in the aging population across the developed and developing world. Increased …

The increase in global lifespan has in turn increased the prevalence of osteoarthritis which
is now the most common type of arthritis. Cartilage tissue located on articular joints erodes …

Abstract TGF-β 1–3 are unique multi-functional growth factors that are only expressed in
mammals, and mainly secreted and stored as a latent complex in the extracellular matrix …