The prevalence of obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and related metabolic
disorders has been steadily increasing in the past few decades. Apart from the …

The gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms and their genetic entities
colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. When in balanced composition, the gut microbiome is in …

Gut microbiota-mediated secondary bile acids (BAs) play an important role in energy
balance and host metabolism via G protein-coupled receptors and/or nuclear receptors …

Antibiotics are a modifiable iatrogenic risk factor for the most common human nosocomial
fungal infection, invasive candidiasis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We …

The eye is a sensory organ exposed to the environment and protected by a mucosal tissue
barrier. While it shares a number of features with other mucosal tissues, the ocular mucosal …

Gut microbiome plays an essential role in modulating host immune responses. However,
little is known about the interaction of microbiota, their metabolites and relevant inflammatory …

Autoimmune diseases have long been known to share a common pathogenesis involving a
dysregulated immune system with a failure to recognize self from non-self-antigens. This …

Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and the spondyloarthritis (SpA) subtypes ankylosing spondylitis,
reactive arthritis and psoriatic arthritis are among the inflammatory diseases affected by the …

Uveitis (UVT), an inflammatory disease of the eye significantly contributes to vision
impairment and blindness. Uveitis is associated with systemic infectious and autoimmune …

A healthy gut microbiota is essential in maintaining the human body in a homeostatic state
by its functions in digestion and immune tolerance. Under states of aberrant microbial …