Background: The purpose of this article was to review the basic science pertaining to the
harmful effects of cigarette smoke, summarize recent clinical outcome studies, and examine …

Ankle arthrodesis is a well-studied, classical procedure for conditions affecting the ankle
joint. It has been considered the gold standard for treatment of ankle arthritis, regardless of …

Introduction There are minimal data comparing complications between ankle arthrodesis
(AA) versus total ankle arthroplasty (TAR) for operative management of primary osteoarthritis …

Background: End-stage tarsometatarsal (TMT) arthritis is commonly treated with arthrodesis
of involved joints. Fixation hardware can consist of varying combinations of screws, plates …

A wide variation of surgical options, complications, and union rates are reported in the
treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis. However, open ankle arthrodesis remains the golden …

Ankle arthritis is a common condition. It causes a significant socioeconomic burden, and is
associated with significant morbidity. Patients with ankle arthritis are either elderly with …

The vascular wall stores mesenchymal progenitor cells which are able to induce bone
regeneration, via direct and paracrine mechanisms. Although much is known regarding …

Background Nonunion is a postoperative complication after ankle arthrodesis (AA), which
leads to increased morbidity and revision rates. Previous studies have identified risk factors …

The etymology of the word arthrodesis shows that it originated from arthro (English)+“dese,"
from the Greek meaning binding together. 1 The first known use of arthrodesis was in 1888 …

Background: The common treatment for end-stage tarsometatarsal (TMT) arthritis is an
arthrodesis of the affected joints. This study was performed to examine the clinical and …