Secondary structural ensembles of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome in infected cells

TCT Lan, MF Allan, LE Malsick, JZ Woo, C Zhu… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus with a single-stranded, positive-sense, 30-kilobase RNA
genome responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Although population average …

Thinking outside the frame: impacting genomes capacity by programmed ribosomal frameshifting

RJ Riegger, N Caliskan - Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Translation facilitates the transfer of the genetic information stored in the genome via
messenger RNAs to a functional protein and is therefore one of the most fundamental …

Structural and functional Insights into viral programmed ribosomal frameshifting

CH Hill, I Brierley - Annual review of virology, 2023 - annualreviews.org
Protein synthesis by the ribosome is the final stage of biological information transfer and
represents an irreversible commitment to gene expression. Accurate translation of …

The short isoform of the host antiviral protein ZAP acts as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 programmed ribosomal frameshifting

MM Zimmer, A Kibe, U Rand, L Pekarek, L Ye… - Nature …, 2021 - nature.com
Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is a fundamental gene expression event in
many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. It allows production of essential viral, structural and …

Heterogeneous and multiple conformational transition pathways between pseudoknots of the SARS-CoV-2 frameshift element

S Yan, T Schlick - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2025 - pnas.org
Frameshifting is an essential mechanism employed by many viruses including
coronaviruses to produce viral proteins from a compact RNA genome. It is facilitated by …

Cis-mediated interactions of the SARS-CoV-2 frameshift RNA alter its conformations and affect function

L Pekarek, MM Zimmer, AS Gribling-Burrer… - Nucleic Acids …, 2023 - academic.oup.com
The RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 contains a frameshift stimulatory element (FSE) that
allows access to an alternative reading frame through− 1 programmed ribosomal …

Atomistic structure of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudoknot in solution from SAXS-driven molecular dynamics

W He, J San Emeterio, MT Woodside… - Nucleic acids …, 2023 - academic.oup.com
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 depends on− 1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (− 1 PRF) to
express proteins essential for its replication. The RNA pseudoknot stimulating− 1 PRF is …

Topological crossing in the misfolded Tetrahymena ribozyme resolved by cryo-EM

S Li, MZ Palo, G Pintilie, X Zhang… - Proceedings of the …, 2022 - National Acad Sciences
The Tetrahymena group I intron has been a key system in the understanding of RNA folding
and misfolding. The molecule folds into a long-lived misfolded intermediate (M) in vitro …

Length-dependent motions of SARS-CoV-2 frameshifting RNA pseudoknot and alternative conformations suggest avenues for frameshifting suppression

S Yan, Q Zhu, S Jain, T Schlick - Nature communications, 2022 - nature.com
The SARS-CoV-2 frameshifting element (FSE), a highly conserved mRNA region required
for correct translation of viral polyproteins, defines an excellent therapeutic target against …

Unwinding the SARS-CoV-2 ribosomal frameshifting pseudoknot with LNA and G-Clamp-Modified Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides inhibits viral replication

E Knizhnik, S Chumakov, J Svetlova, I Pavlova… - Biomolecules, 2023 - mdpi.com
Ribosomal frameshifting (RFS) at the slippery site of SARS-CoV-2 RNA is essential for the
biosynthesis of the viral replication machinery. It requires the formation of a pseudoknot (PK) …