Together, loss-and gain-of-function experiments have identified the bone-derived secreted
molecule osteocalcin as a hormone with a broad reach in rodents and primates. Following …

In addition to its structural role, the skeleton serves as an endocrine organ that controls
mineral metabolism and energy homeostasis. Three major cell types in bone-osteoblasts …

Through their ability to regulate gene expression in most organs, glucocorticoid (GC)
hormones influence numerous physiological processes and are therefore key regulators of …

Background The bone derived protein osteocalcin (OC), in its undercarboxylated (ucOC)
form, has a beneficial effect on energy metabolism and may be a future therapeutic target for …

Bone biology has long been driven by the question as to what molecules affect cell
differentiation or the functions of bone. Exploring this issue has been an extraordinarily …

G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors and
major targets for FDA‐approved drugs. The ability to quantify GPCR expression and ligand …

A new schema proposes that the bone-derived osteocalcin (Ocn) peptide hormone activates
the G-protein–coupled receptor GPRC6A to directly regulate glucose and fat metabolism in …

Human osteocalcin (OC) undergoes reversible, vitamin K-dependent γ-carboxylation at
three glutamic acid residues, modulating its release from bones and its hormonal roles. A …

The regulation of whole-body homeostasis by the skeleton is mediated by its capacity to
secrete endocrine signaling molecules. Although bone-derived hormones confer several …

Mice have been used in biological research for over a century, and their immense
contribution to scientific breakthroughs can be seen across all research disciplines, with …