Production of sperm and androgens is the main function of the testis. This depends on
normal development of both testicular somatic cells and germ cells. A genetic program …

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA molecules that lack a 5′-terminal
cap and 3′-terminal poly A tail. A large number of circRNAs have been identified through …

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are broadly expressed in eukaryotic cells, but their molecular
mechanism in human disease remains obscure. Here we show that circular antisense non …

Most human pre-mRNAs are spliced into linear molecules that retain the exon order defined
by the genomic sequence. By deep sequencing of RNA from a variety of normal and …

Sox proteins belong to the HMG box superfamily of DNA-binding proteins and are found
throughout the animal kingdom. They are involved in the regulation of such diverse …

Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are conditions affecting development of the gonads or
genitalia. Variants in two key genes, SRY and its target SOX9, are an established cause of …

SRY, the mammalian Y-chromosomal testis-determining gene, induces male sex
determination. Recent studies in mice reveal that the major role of SRY is to achieve …

Sex determination is a unique process that allows the study of multipotent progenitors and
their acquisition of sex-specific fates during differentiation of the gonad into a testis or an …

Sex determination in mammals directs an initially bipotential gonad to differentiate into either
a testis or an ovary. This decision is triggered by the expression of the sex-determining gene …

Heterozygous mutations in SOX9 lead to a human dwarfism syndrome, Campomelic
dysplasia. Consistent with a role in sex determination, we find that Sox9 expression closely …