Blue electric streamer discharges in the upper reaches of thunderclouds are observed as
flashes of 337.0 nm (blue) with faint or no emissions of 777.4 nm (red). Analyzing 3 years of …

We observed five clusters of upper‐level compact intracloud discharges (CIDs) moving
positive charge up over land and over water in Florida. The clusters each contained 3 to 6 …

Cloud remains one of the largest uncertainties in weather and climate research due to the
lack of fine-resolution observations of cloud vertical structure (CVS) on a large scale. In this …

Narrow bipolar events (NBEs) are intriguing intra-cloud discharge that have attracted
enormous interest in the lightning community. They come with two polarities that dominate at …

This report reviews the researches for the middle and upper atmosphere in 2020–2022 by
Chinese scientists. The report consists of five parts introducing primarily the results from the …

In this paper, we analyze the waveform data of nearly 200,000 intra-cloud (IC) and cloud-to-
ground (CG) lightning discharges detected by the Jianghuai Area Sferic Array on 26–29 …