The cell microenvironment has emerged as a key determinant of cell behavior and function
in development, physiology, and pathophysiology. The extracellular matrix (ECM) within the …

A cell spheroid is a three-dimensional (3D) aggregation of cells. Synthetic, in-vitro spheroids
provide similar metabolism, proliferation, and species concentration gradients to those found …

Engineering cardiac tissues and organ models remains a great challenge due to the
hierarchical structure of the native myocardium. The need of integrating blood vessels brings …

The ideal in vitro recreation of the micro-tumor niche—although much needed for a better
understanding of cancer etiology and development of better anticancer therapies—is highly …

Recruitment of immune cells to a tumor is determined by the complex interplay between
cellular and noncellular components of the tumor microenvironment. Ex vivo platforms that …

The exact mechanistic understanding of cancer metastasis continues to be unknown,
although it is a major cause of death worldwide. Along with the tumor mass, the tumor …

Over the past decade, researchers have highlighted the importance of mechanical cues of
the metastatic niche such as matrix stiffness, topography, mechanical stresses, and …

Engineered skeletal muscle tissues can be used for in vitro studies that require
physiologically relevant models of native tissues. Herein, we describe the development of a …

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has changed clinical practice for patients with different
cancers, since these agents have demonstrated a significant improvement of overall survival …

In recent years, the microfluidic technique has been widely used in the field of tissue
engineering. Possessing the advantages of large-scale integration and flexible …