Plants produce nectar to attract pollinators in the case of floral nectar (FN) and defenders in the case of extrafloral nectar (EFN). Whereas nectars must function in the context of plant …
Mutualisms (interspecific cooperative interactions) are ubiquitously exploited by organisms that obtain the benefits mutualists offer, while delivering no benefits in return. The natural …
Introduced species can have cascading effects on ecological communities, but indirect effects of species introductions are rarely the focus of ecological studies. For example …
Nectar robbers are birds, insects, or other flower visitors that remove nectar from flowers through a hole pierced or bitten in the corolla. This paper is a review of the effects of nectar …
A Sáez, CL Morales, LY Ramos… - Journal of Applied …, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
Production of many flowering crops often benefits from elevated pollinator diversity and abundance. Nevertheless, the opposite relationship may arise if bees impair fruit or seed …
Increasing honey demand and global coverage of pollinator-dependent crops within the context of global pollinator declines have accelerated international trade in managed bees …
RE Irwin, AK Brody, NM Waser - Oecologia, 2001 - Springer
Many insects and other animals that visit flowers are not mutualistic pollinators, but rather" behavioral robbers" which pierce flowers to extract nectar, and" thieves" which enter flowers …
Invasive, alien plants and pollinators have varying effects on their interaction partners, ranging from highly beneficial to strongly detrimental. To understand these contrasting …
MA Aizen, DP Vázquez… - Revista chilena de historia …, 2002 - SciELO Chile
El bosque templado de Sudamérica austral (BTSA) se caracteriza por poseer un biota altamente endémica y una flora que exhibe una de las más altas incidencias de …