Purpose: Product quality includes three variables: design, conformance and use. Measuring
the quality of products with respect to all three quality variables is one of the important …

This article tries to introduce this phenomenon and make a comparison between open
innovation and open strategy. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and is of …

Objective: The purpose of this study was to design an open innovation model for human
resource management in the petrochemical industry. Method: The population consisted of …