Foundations of Embodied Learning advances learning, instruction, and the design of
educational technologies by rethinking the learner as an integrated system of mind, body …

Gender differences in spatial aptitude are well established by adulthood, particularly when
measured by tasks that require the mental rotation of objects (Linn & Petersen, 1985; Voyer …

The relations among various spatial and mathematics skills were assessed in a cross-
sectional study of 854 children from kindergarten, third, and sixth grades (ie, 5 to 13 years of …

There is an emerging consensus that spatial thinking plays a fundamental role in how
people conceive, express, and perform mathematics. However, the underlying nature of this …

Because math knowledge begins to develop at a young age to varying degrees, it is
important to identify foundational cognitive and academic skills that might contribute to its …

Navigation ability varies widely across humans. Prior studies have reported that being
younger and a male has an advantage for navigation ability. However, these studies have …

The number line estimation task is widely used to investigate mathematical learning and
development. The present meta‐analysis statistically synthesized the extensive evidence on …

The United States is currently not producing enough graduates in science, technology,
engineering, and math (STEM) fields to meet the demands of a technology-dependent …

Much recent research has focused on the relation between spatial skills and mathematical
skills, which has resulted in widely reported links between these two skill sets. However, the …

This study focuses on three main goals: First, 3‐year‐olds' spatial assembly skills are
probed using interlocking block constructions (N= 102). A detailed scoring scheme provides …