Stress in teleosts is an increasingly studied topic because of its interaction with growth,
reproduction, immune system and ultimately fitness of the animal. Whether it is for evaluating …

Extensive experimental animal studies and epidemiological observations have shown that
environmental influences during early development affect the risk of later pathophysiological …

How does repeated or chronic childhood adversity shape social and cognitive abilities?
According to the prevailing deficit model, children from high-stress backgrounds are at risk …

Epigenetic inheritance is another piece of the puzzle of nongenetic inheritance, although the
prevalence, sources, persistence, and phenotypic consequences of heritable epigenetic …

Phenotypic plasticity, if adaptive, may allow species to counter the detrimental effects of
extreme conditions, but the infrequent occurrence of extreme environments and/or their …

The adaptive value of transgenerational effects (the ancestor environmental effects on
offspring) in changing environments has received much attention in recent years, but the …

1. Why Do We Measure Stress? 2. Quantifying Stress 3. Specific Measures of Fish Stress
3.1. Cellular and Molecular Indicators 3.2. Primary and Secondary Physiological Indicators …

Glucocorticoids are hormones that mediate the energetic demands that accompany
environmental challenges. It is therefore not surprising that these metabolic hormones have …

1. In the context of global change, modifications in winter conditions may disrupt the
seasonal phenology patterns of organisms, modify the synchrony of closely interacting …

In this perspective paper, we emphasize the importance that integrative mechanisms, and
especially the GC (glucocorticoid) stress response, can play in the ability of vertebrates to …