Dental enamel is the hardest and most mineralized tissue in extinct and extant vertebrate
species and provides maximum durability that allows teeth to function as weapons and/or …

The mammalian Slc4 (Solute carrier 4) family of transporters is a functionally diverse group
of 10 multi-spanning membrane proteins that includes three Cl-HCO3 exchangers (AE1–3) …

Abstract Background The term Molar–Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) was introduced in
2001 by Weerheijm, Jälevik and Alaluusua, and describes a defect of systemic origin that …

Biomineralization, the generation of hard tissues of living organisms, is a process strictly
regulated by hormones, enzymes and a range of regulatory proteins of which several …

Enamel crystals are unique in shape, orientation and organization. They are hundreds of
thousands times longer than they are wide, run parallel to each other, are oriented with …

Mammalian dental enamel is a key archive for the reconstruction of past environments.
Sequentially mineralizing enamel provides continuous, several year-long records, which …

Ameloblasts, the cells responsible for making enamel, modify their morphological features in
response to specialized functions necessary for synchronized ameloblast differentiation and …

Hypomineralization of developing enamel is associated with changes in ameloblast
modulation during the maturation stage. Modulation (or pH cycling) involves the cyclic …

The maturation stage of enamel development begins once the final tissue thickness has
been laid down. Maturation includes an initial transitional pre-stage during which …

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of
inherited dental enamel defects. Commonly described as an isolated trait, it may be …