Recent breakthroughs in tumor immunotherapy such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)
antibodies, have demonstrated the capacity of the immune system to fight cancer in a …

Simple Summary It was found that long-established tumor-derived cell lines do not
adequately reproduce drug sensitivity and behavior of a real human cancers. Therefore …

Drug development in oncology commonly exploits the tools of molecular biology to gain
therapeutic benefit through reprograming of cellular responses. In immuno‐oncology (IO) …

More and more evidences show that macrophages can induce both pro-tumor and anti-
tumor effects. The study on genetically engineered macrophages to kill tumor cells has …

Macrophages' role in the evolution of solid tumours is a well accepted fact, with the M1-like
macrophages having an anti-tumour role and the M2-like macrophages having a pro-tumour …

Anti-cancer therapies based on oncolytic viruses are emerging as important approaches in
cancer treatment. However, the effectiveness of these therapies depends significantly on the …

Human respiratory disease associated with influenza virus infection is of significant public
health concern. Macrophages, as part of the front line of host innate cellular defence, have …

In this paper, we investigate how natural killer (NK) cell recruitment to the tumor
microenvironment (TME) affects oncolytic virotherapy. NK cells play a major role against …

Epidemiological and clinical evidence indicates that humans infected with the 1918
pandemic H1N1 influenza virus and highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses often …

Tumors develop in a complex physical, biochemical, and cellular milieu, referred to as the
tumor microenvironment. Of special interest is the set of immune cells that reciprocally …