The recent focus on drug abuse in women has brought attention to numerous differences
between women and men. In this review, we discuss both preclinical and clinical findings of …

Gender-dependent differences in the rate of initiation and frequency of misuse of addicting
drugs have been widely described. Yet, men and women also differ in their propensity to …

Background: Intermittent access (IA) to drugs of abuse, as opposed to continuous access, is
hypothesized to induce a kindling‐type transition from moderate to escalated use, leading to …

Evidence is accumulating that the etiology, epidemiology, consequences and mechanisms
that underlie drug abuse are different in males and females. In this review, we present …

Aims: The present experiments examined sex differences in ethanol intake and in the
influence of a social context on aversive properties of ethanol in adolescent and adult …

Researchers have recently become aware of the importance of including women in
research, including drug abuse research. With this increased awareness has come an …

Clinical and preclinical research have identified sex differences in substance use and
addiction-related behaviors. Historically, substance use disorders are more prevalent in men …

Background Recently, the incidence of binge drinking by women has increased. Binge
drinking is detrimental to women's health, yet the biological mechanisms that promote …

The present study compared the anxiolytic effects of the benzodiazepine agonist diazepam
and ethanol in adult male and female rats. Varying doses of diazepam (1–3 mg/kg) or …

Ontogeny of ethanol elimination rates and ethanol-induced hypothermia were examined as
possible mechanisms contributing to the marked reduction in ethanol sensitivity early in life …