The posttranslational addition of ubiquitin (Ub) helps control the half-life, localization, and
action of many intracellular plant proteins. A primary function is the degradation of …

Sexual reproduction in many flowering plants involves self-incompatibility (SI self-
incompatibility), which is one of the most important systems to prevent inbreeding. In many …

Human social interactions crucially depend on the ability to represent other agents' beliefs
even when these contradict our own beliefs, leading to the potentially complex problem of …

F-box proteins constitute a large family in eukaryotes and are characterized by a conserved
F-box motif (approximately 40 amino acids). As components of the Skp1p-cullin-F-box …

Self-incompatibility in flowering plants prevents inbreeding and promotes outcrossing to
generate genetic diversity. In Solanaceae, a multiallelic gene, S-locus F-box (SLF), was …

Many flowering plants have adopted self-incompatibility mechanisms to prevent inbreeding
and promote out-crosses. In the Solanaceae, Rosaceae and Scrophulariaceae, two …

The gaseous plant hormone ethylene can trigger myriad physiological and morphological
responses in plants. While many ethylene signaling pathway components have been …

The ubiquitin proteasome system is a key regulator of many biological processes in all
eukaryotes. This mechanism employs several types of enzymes, the most important of which …

Self-incompatibility (SI) mechanisms prevent self-fertilization in flowering plants based on
specific discrimination between self-and non-self pollen. Since this trait promotes …

Ribonucleases of the T2 family are found in the genomes of protozoans, plants, bacteria,
animals and viruses. A broad range of biological roles for these ribonucleases have been …