Segmented RNA viruses are widespread in nature and include important human, animal
and plant pathogens, such as influenza viruses and rotaviruses. Although the origin of RNA …

Recombination occurs in many RNA viruses and can be of major evolutionary significance.
However, rates of recombination vary dramatically among RNA viruses, which can range …

Phylogenetic analyses have prompted a taxonomic reorganization of family Partitiviridae
(encapsidated, bisegmented dsRNA viruses that infect plants, fungi, or protozoa), the focus …

Interactions between bacteria and the viruses that infect them (ie, phages) have profound
effects on biological processes, but despite their importance, little is known on the general …

RNA viruses provide unique insights into the patterns and processes of evolutionary change
in real time. The study of viral evolution is especially topical given the growing awareness …

At a glance, most species seem adapted to the environment in which they live. Yet species
relentlessly evolve, and populations within species evolve in different ways. Evolution, as it …

Cyanophages (cyanobacterial viruses) are important agents of horizontal gene transfer
among marine cyanobacteria, the numerically dominant photosynthetic organisms in the …

Prokaryotes, bacteria and archaea, are the most abundant cellular organisms among those
sharing the planet Earth with human beings (among others). However, numerous ecological …

The 'Appelmans protocol'is used by Eastern European researchers to generate therapeutic
phages with novel lytic host ranges. Phage cocktails are iteratively grown on a suite of …

Phages are considered the most abundant and diverse biological entities on Earth and are
notable not only for their sheer abundance, but also for their influence on bacterial hosts. In …