Recent decades have been characterized by increasing temperatures worldwide, resulting
in an exponential climb in vapor pressure deficit (VPD). VPD has been identified as an …

A significant resistance to CO2 diffusion is imposed by mesophyll tissue inside leaves.
Mesophyll resistance, rm (or its reciprocal, mesophyll conductance, gm), reduces the rate at …

Stomata are orifices that connect the drier atmosphere with the interconnected network of
more humid air spaces that surround the cells within a leaf. Accurate values of the humidities …

We compiled hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope compositions (δ2H and δ18O) of leaf
water from multiple biomes to examine variations with environmental drivers. Leaf water δ2H …

Understanding the short‐term responses of mesophyll conductance (gm) and stomatal
conductance (gsc) to environmental changes remains a challenging yet central aspect of …

The strong covariation of temperature and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in nature limits our
understanding of the direct effects of temperature on leaf gas exchange. Stable isotopes in …

We present a robust estimation of the CO2 concentration at the surface of photosynthetic
mesophyll cells (cw), applicable under reasonable assumptions of assimilation distribution …

Stable isotopes are commonly used to study the diffusion of CO2 within photosynthetic plant
tissues. The standard method used to interpret the observed preference for the lighter …

Climate change not only leads to higher air temperatures but also increases the vapour
pressure deficit (VPD) of the air. Understanding the direct effect of VPD on leaf gas …

Background Recent reports of extreme levels of undersaturation in internal leaf air spaces
have called into question one of the foundational assumptions of leaf gas exchange …