The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework to understand the series of events that
generate anti-cancer immune responses. It emphasizes the iterative nature of the response …

Cell plasticity represents the ability of cells to be reprogrammed and to change their fate and
identity, enabling homeostasis restoration and tissue regeneration following damage. Cell …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common solid malignancies worldwide.
A large proportion of patients with HCC are diagnosed at advanced stages and are only …

The TGF-β regulatory system plays crucial roles in the preservation of organismal integrity.
TGF-β signaling controls metazoan embryo development, tissue homeostasis, and injury …

Activated fibroblasts in tumors, or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), have become a
popular research area over the past decade. As important players in many aspects of tumor …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have achieved clinical benefit, but most
'immune-cold'solid tumors are not responsive. The diversity of immune evasion mechanisms …

Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T
cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the …

Over the past two decades, elucidation of the genetic defects that underlie cancer has
resulted in a plethora of novel targeted cancer drugs. Although these agents can initially be …

Myeloid cells are pivotal within the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. The
accumulation of tumour-modified myeloid cells derived from monocytes or neutrophils …

In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has made significant progress. However, tumor
immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (eg, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors) …