Background Public toilets enable populations, including those who menstruate, to move
through public spaces. Menstrual Friendly Public Toilets (MFPT) are accessible, safe, and …

Urbanization is expanding in both surface and underground space, where the air quality in
underground space restrooms in public transportation hubs is a huge challenge due to …

Improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in water-scarce areas is one of the
most important barriers to improving the standards of people's life, which is even worse in a …

Public toilet facilities in an urban setting are an essential infrastructure that guarantees every
citizen's right to sanitation in the public realm. This paper contends on the fragility of urban …

Access to restrooms is vital to personal and public health, particularly among people
experiencing homelessness (PEH). This study investigated how restroom access is …

As an integral part of the urban public health infrastructure, public toilets play a significant
role in shaping a city's image. With the advancement of the economy, people have …

Improving public restroom facilities in urban areas can contribute to ensuring the overall
living standards of the urban populace. Access to improved sanitation and hygiene is also …

The detection and prediction of cleaning conditions in school restrooms are crucial for
reducing health risks and improving service quality. Traditional methods like manual …

Maintaining public toilets in good condition is essential for public health. Lack of
maintenance may render them inefficient and unusable. Overall knowledge of the condition …

RESUMO A redução dos déficits no acesso aos serviços de água e saneamento perpassa
por assegurar esses direitos em esferas da vida além do domicílio. Dentre essas esferas …