Autophagy is a process that targets various intracellular elements for degradation.
Autophagy can be non-selective—associated with the indiscriminate engulfment of cytosolic …

Autophagosomes are double-membrane vesicles newly formed during autophagy to engulf
a wide range of intracellular material and transport this autophagic cargo to lysosomes (or …

Selective autophagy is the lysosomal degradation of specific intracellular components
sequestered into autophagosomes, late endosomes, or lysosomes through the activity of …

The clearance of surplus, broken, or dangerous components is key for maintaining cellular
homeostasis. The failure to remove protein aggregates, damaged organelles, or intracellular …

Autophagosome formation and maturation involve the two ubiquitin-like systems: The ATG8
and ATG12 systems. ATG8 (LC3s and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor–associated …

INTRODUCTION Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is an evolutionarily conserved
lysosomal degradation pathway. It ensures cellular homeostasis and health by removing …

Many biomolecules undergo liquid–liquid phase separation to form liquid-like condensates
that mediate diverse cellular functions,. Autophagy is able to degrade such condensates …

ER-phagy (reticulophagy) defines the degradation of portions of the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) within lysosomes or vacuoles. It is part of the self-digestion (ie, autophagic) programs …

Selective autophagy recycles damaged organelles and clears intracellular pathogens to
prevent their aberrant accumulation. How ULK1 kinase is targeted and activated during …

Mechanisms of selective autophagy of the ER, known as ER-phagy, require molecular
delineation, particularly in vivo. It is unclear how these events control ER proteostasis and …